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Ⅰ. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and Vice versa.
artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能 [广开^搜&*#%题]
very large scale integration(VLSI) 超大规模集成电路
keyboard 键盘 [广%开~搜&*@题]
display 显示器 [广%~开搜题*#&]
digital computer 数字计算机 [广开~#^搜@题%]
general-purpose computer 通用计算机
address bus 地址总线
data bus 数据总线
flatbed scanner 平板式扫描仪 [广开搜@题#&^~]
volatile memory 易失性存储器
data declaration 数据声明 [广#*~开@%搜题]
assignment statement 赋值语句
Basic Input Output System（BIOS） 基本输入输
neural network 神经网络
laser printer 激光打印机
instruction set指令集
personal computer个人计算机
CPU 中央处理器
machine language 机器语言
computer programmer 计算机程序员
object-oriented programming language 面向对象程序设计语言
source program 源程序
object code 目标代码 [广#@~开搜^%题]
assembler 汇编程序
compiler 编译程序
application program 应用程序
utility program 实用程序
system call 系统调用
software engineering 软件工程 [广开*~^搜%题&]
software life cycle 软件生命周期
requirement analysis 需求分析 [广开@%搜~#题*]
waterfall model 瀑布模型
system integration 系统集成
white box testing 白盒测试 [广#开&搜题%~*]
software reuse 软件重用
Internet Service Provider(ISP) 因特网服务提供商
Domain Name System 域名系统
host address 主机地址
dial-up connection 拨号连接
top-level domain 顶级域名
data type 数据类型
Database Management System 数据库管理系统 [广开&%^搜@#题]
relational database 关系数据库
database administrator 数据库管理员
entity relationship diagram(ERD) 实体关系图
Structured Query Language(SQL) 结构化查询语言
network topology 网络拓扑结构
star network 星形网
ring topology 环形网
bus topology 总线网
wireless network 无线网 [广#开~@&搜题^]
cyber café 网吧
top-level domain 顶级域名
Internet service provider 因特网服务提供商
host address 主机地址
broadband connection 宽带连接 [广&开搜^题%@*]
file transfer protocol(FTP) 文件传输协议
transmission control protocol(TCP) 传输控制协议 [广开~#^搜%@题]
hypertext transfer protocol(HTTP) 超文本传输协议 [广~开搜^题@%#]
hypertext markup language(HTML) 超文本标记语言
extended markup language（XML） 扩展标记语言
universal resource locator(URL) 统一资源定位器
domain name system（DNS） 域名服务器
computer security 计算机安全
computer virus 计算机病毒
software piracy 软件盗版
encryption key密钥
authorized user 授权用户
unauthorized access 非授权访问
backup system 备份系统
digital signature 数字签名
firewall 防火墙
software upgrade 软件升级
II. For each question, there are four answers marked A, B, C, D. Please chose the best one to match each question.
1. The second generation computers, introduced in the early 1960s, were based on( ).
A. VLSI（超大规模集成电路）
B. IC (集成电路)
C. transistors（晶体管）
D. vacuum tubes (真空管）
2. The third generation computers, dating from the 1960s, were based on ( ).
A. VLSI（超大规模集成电路）
B. IC (集成电路)
C. transistors（晶体管） [广开搜@#~&%题]
D. vacuum tubes (真空管）
3. The fourth generation computers, such as microcomputers, appearing in the mid-1970s, were based on ( ).
A. VLSI（超大规模集成电路）
B. IC (集成电路)
C. transistors（晶体管）
D. vacuum tubes (真空管）
4. When power is removed, information in RAM（随机存取存储器）is ( ).
A. reliable
B. lost
C. stable
D. remained
5. When power is removed, information in ROM（只读存储器）is ( ).
A. reliable
B. lost
C. stable
D. remained
6. Among the following devices, ( ) is a kind of output devices.
A. keyboard
B. printer
C. mouse
D. scanner [广开搜题^&%#@]
7. Among the following devices, ( ) is a kind of input devices.
A. mouse
B. printer
C. monitor
D. usb disk
8. Among the following devices, which one is an example of storage devices.
A. mouse
B. printer [广开搜~&#%@题]
C. usb disk [广开#*@搜%题~]
D. keyboard
9. ( ) consists of external devices that transfer(传输) information from the computer's CPU to the computer user.
A. input hardware
B. output hardware [广^*开&#搜题@]
C. storage hardware
D. bus
10. ( ) is to connect different parts of a computer together and connect the computer to the external world.
A. input hardware
B. output hardware
C. storage hardware
D. bus [广开搜&^@%#题]
11.（ ）is a kind of volatile (易失性) memory.
A. RAM (随机存取存储器)
B. ROM (只读存储器) [广@开搜%~^题&]
C. CD-ROM
D. hard disk [广^开%搜~@题*]
12. ( ) is the heart of a computer.
A. memory
B. input hardware
C. output hardware [广开~%@搜*题^]
D. CPU
13. After I finished the last paragraph, I moved the ( ) back to the third paragraph and deleted a sentence.（难度系数：易）
A. icon
B. mouse
C. text
D. cursor
14. Whereas the decimal system（十进制）is based on 10,the ( ) system is based on 2. There are only two digits in the latter system, 0 and 1.
A. hexadecimal(十六进制)
B. binary（二进制）
C. octal（八进制）
D. byte
15. One megabyte equals approximately ( ).
A. 1,000,000 KB
B. 1024 KB
C. 65,535 KB
D. 10,000KB
16. The smallest unit of information handled by a computer is ( ).
A. bit
B. byte
C. word
D. KB
17. A group of eight bits is called a ( ).
A. word
B. number [广%开~搜题&^#]
C. digit [广开搜~@#^题%]
D. byte
18. A digital computer is generally made up of five distinct elements（独立部件）: a central processing unit, input devices, memory storage devices,（ ） devices, and a bus.
A. mouse
B. keyboard
C. output [广开%#搜*^题~]
D. monitor
19. Modern digital computers can be classified as ( ), minicomputers, workstations, or microcomputers on the basis of cost and performance（性能）.
A. mainframes(大型机)
B. notebooks(笔记本)
C. PDA (个人数字助理)
D. laptop(膝上型电脑)
20. Modern digital computers can be classified as mainframes,( ), workstations, or microcomputers on the basis of cost and performance（性能）.
A. minicomputers(小型机)
B. notebooks (笔记本）
C. PDA (个人数字助理)
D. laptops（膝上型电脑）
21. Modern digital computers can be classified as mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, or ( ) on the basis of cost and performance（性能）. [广开搜题#&*@~]
A. transistors（晶体管）
B. vacuum tubes (真空管）
C. personal computer(个人电脑)
D. microcomputers（微型计算机）
22.（ ） have the fastest speed and the largest storage space.
A. microcomputers
B. workstations
C. minicomputers
D. supercomputers
23. The first generation computers, such as ENIAC, introduced in the early 1950s, were based on ( ).
A. VLSI（超大规模集成电路）
B. IC (集成电路)
C. transistors（晶体管） [广@#开~&*搜题]
D. vacuum tubes (真空管）
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