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大学英语A10
一、阅读理解
The West begun to take more notice of the East. The fifth volume of an enormous work re-assessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, which was published twenty years ago, set the tone for the whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which, until then, western historians had claimed for Europe, were made first in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some reputable historians. However, the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were skeptical at first. China's invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been disputed, but this new history has added advanced bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddle boats and many other inventions to the list.
In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer is to be found in the social and economic history of China, where a static society under a relatively benevolent regime (仁慈的政体) of scholar-gentry (学者绅士) contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But will China avoid the West's mistakes?
1.How many volumes have been published so far?
A.Five.
B.Four.
C.Three.
D.None.
2.What is special about the first volume?
A.It introduces the world intellectual history.
B.It introduces the history of Europe.
C.It demonstrates that the Chinese made many inventions.
D.It explains why China lags behind the west in science and technology.
3.In the first paragraph, the word “skeptical" means ______.
A.doubtful
B.worried
C.sad
D.angry
4.Which of the following inventions in NOT made by the Chinese?
A.Gunpowder.
B.Motor cars.
C.Paddle boats.
D.Bridge design.
5.The best title for this passage is ______.
A.Development of Science and Technology in China
B.Comparisons Between the East and the West
C.China Is Catching Up
D.China's Inventions
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often, and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as "That was a very clever thing you did" or "You are such a smart child".
6.The questions in the first paragraph are raised to _____.
A.introduce the topic of what makes a clever mind
B.compare Albert Einstein with ordinary people
C.summarise the characters of an intelligent person
D.prove that there are no answers to these questions
7.According to the context we can guess that a genius is ______ while an idiot is ______.
A.a normal person...a funny person
B.a strong person...a weak person
C.a highly intelligent person...a foolish or weak-minded person
D.a famous person...an ordinary person
8.A person ______ is more likely to become a genius.
A.whose parents are clever
B.who often thinks about difficult problems
C.who is often helped by his parents and teachers
D.who is born with a good brain and putting it to active use
9.It is better for parents ______.
A.to praise and encourage their children more often
B.to be hard on their children
C.to leave their children alone with nothing to do
D.to give their children as much help as possible
10.Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?
A.Parents play an important part in their children's growth.
B.The less you use your mind the duller you may become.
C.Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.
D.Parents should always encourage their children.
二、词汇与语法
11.She tried to ________ out of the window to see what was going on in the street.
A.bend
B.lean
C.break
D.bow
12.Such views might sound _______ at that period but they are out of date now.
A.senseless
B.sensitive
C.sensible
D.insensitive
13.Of the two houses the family prefers _________.
A.the more isolated one
B.the one isolated more
C.the most isolated one
D.the much isolated one
14.They had to put the meeting off ________ so many people didn't show up.
A.since
B.unless
C.for fear that
D.though
15.On hearing the news of _____the examination, the boy was very happy.
A.his having passed
B.he passed
C.his being passed
D.to pass
16.They ________ thankful to have the opportunity to further their studies.
A.would like to be
B.ought to be
C.would rather be
D.had better be
17.The ship took machines and other goods back to the port ________ it had set off.
A.from which
B.to which
C.which
D.in which
18.Not only Tom but also his wife ______fond of watching television.
A.are
B.were
C.be
D.was
19.A genius is someone who can achieve something that few people are _______.
A.capable of
B.able to
C.enabled to
D.able of
20.Her determination to ________ her goal of life motivated her to greater effort.
A.retain
B.attain
C.maintain
D.entertain
三、完型填空
Greg Midkiff gets in his car to go buy some milk. But he doesn't ___21___ drive to the grocery store and back home. He looks carefully up and down the streets of his neighborhood. He looks for anything ___22___ such as strange cars, loud noises, broken windows, or people gathering on street corners.
Greg Midkiff belongs to a neighborhood watch group. His group meets on the third Wednesday of every month. That's ___23___ the members get together to discuss community ___24___. They want to help the police keep their homes, streets, and families safe.
Stan Weinzapfel, a policeman, said, “The ___25___ of a neighborhood watch group is to educate people about safety. In the past, you knew your ___26___ and your neighborhood. So if a strange car drove through, ___27___ knew about it. That's what we want to get now.”
“We want the criminals to know that we pay enough attention.” said Midkiff. Tina Stedman, the president of their neighborhood watch group, ___28___ Midkiff. “People seem to have the attitude that crime happens to other people but not to them. They would think: well, it's ___29___ happened to me,” she said, “but if a nearby house is burst into, I don't think you will be comfortable sitting in your own house.”
Ruth McKinney has been in the neighborhood watch group since the 1980s. She feels the neighborhood watch groups are effective ___30___ keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees. “Police are good people, but they can't do everything,” he says.
21.
A.always
B.then
C.when
D.just
22.
A.ordinary
B.surprising
C.unusual
D.pleasant
23.
A.where
B.when
C.who
D.what
24.
A.safety
B.service
C.health
D.reward
25.
A.result
B.purpose
C.effect
D.story
26.
A.policemen
B.criminals
C.neighbors
D.visitors
27.
A.everything
B.something
C.everyone
D.someone
28.
A.agrees with
B.disagrees with
C.forgets about
D.remembers of
29.
A.always
B.sometimes
C.usually
D.never
30.
A.with
B.on
C.about
D.in
四、汉译英
31.学生们都盼着假期去旅行。
e students are looking forward to traveling during the vacation.
32.这是你自己的错，不要将工作的失败归咎于别人。
’s your fault. Don’t blame others for the failure of your work.
33.他建议她工作时间不要太长。
suggested that she should not work long hours.
34.昨天我去拜访他，看看他是否能解决这个问题。
visited him yesterday to see if he could work out /solve the problem.
五、写作
35.写作
Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.
Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world, and people's health is threatened. How to solve this problem remains one of the most important issues for each country. Write an essay on the topic "The Problem of Pollution". You should base your essay on the following outline.
1.全球污染现象变得日益严重。
2.全世界人民都非常关注这一现象。各国政府也采取了一定的措施来解决这一问题。
3.我们应该怎么做。
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