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大学英语A7
一、阅读理解
The judgment of the Englishman by all other European peoples is that he is the most suspicious, the most reserved, the most unfriendly, the coldest-hearted of all western peoples.
Ask a Frenchman, an Italian, a German, a Spaniard, even an American, what he thinks about Englishmen; and every one of them will tell you the very same thing. This is precisely what the character of men would become who had lived for thousands of years in the conditions of northern European land.
But, on the other hand, you would find that all nations would speak highly of certain other English qualities - energy, courage, honour, justice. They would say that, although no man is so difficult to make friends with, the friendship of an Englishman once gained is stronger and truer than any other. And as the battle of life still continues, and must continue for thousands of years to come, it must be acknowledged that the English character is especially well suitable for the struggle. Its reserves, its cautions, its doubts, its suspicions - these have been for it in the past, and are still in the present.
It is not a lovable nor amiable character; it is not even kindly. The Englishman of the best type is much more inclined（倾向于） to justice than he is to be kind, for kindness is an emotional impulse, and the Englishman doesn't like every kind of emotional impulse. But with all this, the character is a great one, and its success has been the best proof of its value.
1.The Englishman is characterized as ______.
A.suspicious and open-minded
B.reserved and friendly
C.suspicious and warm-hearted
D.cold-hearted and unfriendly
2.According to the author, the main factor which has shaped the English character is a ______ one.
A.geographical
B.economical
C.psychological
D.political
3.Certain other English qualities such as courage, energy, and honor are ______.
A.ignored by Europeans
B.praised by Europeans
C.ignored by themselves
D.praised by themselves
4.It seems that it is most difficult to ______ an Englishman.
A.speak highly of
B.take care of
C.make friends with
D.fight against
5.The Englishman prefers ______ to ______.
A.being on guard, emotional impulse
B.justice, kindness
C.value, success
D.being true, friendship
A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.
Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.
Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. "I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner - amazing." Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly.
The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.
6.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ___________.
A.rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US
B.small-minded officials deserve a serious comment
C.Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
D.most Americans are ready to offer help
7.It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ___________.
A.culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship
B.courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated
C.various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends
D.social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions
8.Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ___________.
A.to improve their hard life
B.in view of their long-distance travel
C.to add some flavor to their own daily life
D.out of a charitable impulse
9.The tradition of hospitality to strangers ___________.
A.tends to be superficial and artificial
B.is generally well kept up in the United States
C.is always understood properly
D.has something to do with the busy tourist trails
10.What’s the author’s attitudes toward the American’s friendliness?
A.Favorable.
B.Unfavorable.
C.Indifferent.
D.Neutral.
二、词汇与语法
11.It is becoming increasingly difficult to grow enough food to ________ much of the earth's population from starvation.
A.preserve
B.prevent
C.defend
D.guard
12.The final examinations are about over. His months of hard work will soon pay ________.
A.off
B.out
C.down
D.up
13.Mrs. Brown is supposed ______ for Italy last week.
A.to have left
B.to be leaving
C.to leave
D.to have been left
14.Helen Keller lost both her sight and hearing after a severe illness ________.
A.she was 19 months old
B.of her age in 19 months old
C.when she was 19 months old
D.when 19 months old she was
15.The manager urged his staff not to _________ the splendid opportunity.
A.drop
B.escape
C.miss
D.slide
16.His brother is very ______ about wines.
A.aware
B.learned
C.knowledgeable
D.skeptical
17.That poorly dressed old man felt quite ________ at such a big party attended by many important figures.
A.in the way
B.out of the way
C.out of place
D.in place
18._____ moving at his usual stately pace, he was almost running.
A.According to
B.In the light of
C.Instead of
D.Owing to
19.I suggest that he _______ it next week.
A.will do
B.does
C.did
D.should do
20.John suggested _________ anything about it until they found out more facts.
A.not to say
B.not say
C.to say not
D.not saying
三、完型填空
There must be a great many people who did not go to university because of many causes. Maybe they could not afford the time off work or they had their families to __21__. If they were __22__, they had to stay at home in order to look after the children. In fact, they regretted this gap in their __23__.
__24__ the opening of the Open University in January 1971, people in Britain are now able to take a university degree __25__ these difficulties, for the courses are especially designed so that you can study at home.
__26__, you must have __27__ to a radio and a television set, for part of your courses consists of two weekly programs. One of them is broadcast on the radio and the other on television.
The new university had not been in operation long enough to prove its success as a venture, but it obviously __28__ the possibility of a university education to a much wider section of the population than has hitherto (至今) received it.
This is true not only for Britain, __29__ for many other countries in the world, and in particular the developing countries, __30__ the demand for education at all levels is much greater than the supply.
21.
A.support
B.supply
C.provide
D.think
22.
A.men
B.women
C.young
D.old
23.
A.life
B.career
C.experience
D.education
24.
A.At
B.For
C.Of
D.With
25.
A.without
B.despite
C.for
D.in spite
26.
A.What's more
B.And
C.However
D.Then
27.
A.means
B.use
C.access
D.ways
28.
A.opens
B.opens at
C.opens for
D.opens up
29.
A.and
B.but
C.also
D.yet
30.
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.when
四、汉译英
31.我们还没有找到一个代替他的人。
have not yet found anyone who can replace him.
32.他记得在离开阅览室时，把灯关上了。
remembered turning off the light when he left the reading-room.
33.为了提高生活水平，他不得不找一份兼职工作。
order to improve his living standard, he has to find a part-time job.
34.这是你自己的错，不要将工作的失败归咎于别人。
’s your fault. Don’t blame others for the failure of your work.
五、写作
35.写作
Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.
There are different ways of getting information: reading, watching TV, or surfing the Internet（上网）. Write an essay on the topic "Ways of Getting Information". You should base your essay on the outline below.
1.现代社会获取信息方式的多样化。
2.你更喜欢哪种方式，原因是什么。
3.不同的人为不同的目的应选择合适的方式。
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