跨文化商务沟通（专）

跨文化商务沟通（专）

跨文化商务沟通（专）

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问题 1: 1. Part II. True or False (20%)Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false. 【做题说明：请判断下列陈述为真实或错误，分别选出对应选项。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】The core values of a culture tend to resist change and adaptation.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: True

问题 2: 2. In cultures that tend toward individualism, people tend to believe that every individual has the right to his or her private property, thoughts and opinions.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: True

问题 3: 3. The reason why people have different modes of thinking is probably due to the differences in their worldviews, which influence all aspects of our perception and consequentlyaffects our belief and value systems, as well as how we think andact.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: True

问题 4: 4. Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to think of one’s own culture as being the center of the world.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: True

问题 5: 5. Deductive thought pattern is a pattern in which a topic is introduced at the beginning and minor or supporting arguments are presented afterwards.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: True

问题 6: 6. In high masculinity societies, sex roles are clearly differentiated and women are dominant.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: False

问题 7: 7. We should bear in mind that overgeneralizations are dangerous because they lead to stereotyping and prejudice.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 8: 8. Power distance is an attempt to measure cultural attitudes about inequality in social relationships.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 9: 9. Cultures such as Australia, Belgium and Japan are relatively highly individualistic, believing that the autonomy of the individual is paramount.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 10: 10. The essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 11: 11. Which of the following is a common international business etiquette that should be followed in cross-cultural interactions?

选项:

A. Refusing gifts from business partners

B. Insisting on one's own cultural practices in all interactions

C. Always initiating business discussions with personal topics

D. Following the dress code and table manners appropriate for the culture

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问题 12: 12. The “American dream” is clearly a representation of _________.

选项:

A. uncertainty avoidance

B. power distance

C. individualism

D. uncertainty

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问题 13: 13. Of the following countries, which one is typically a hierarchy society?

选项:

A. England

B. Japan

C. France

D. Greece

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问题 14: 14. “God help those who help themselves” indicates western cultural values of_________.

选项:

A. short-term orientation

B. individualism

C. high power distance

D. high uncertainty avoidance

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问题 15: 15. What is one of the key aspects of daily social customs in English-speaking countries?

选项:

A. Daily greetings

B. Political discussions

C. Business negotiations

D. Personal space

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问题 16: 16. Deductive pattern ofdiscourse ___________.

选项:

A. is a pattern to presentthe conclusion at the beginning and then make it clear why the speaker iscoming to that particular conclusion

B. tends to use a“comment-topic” order of presentation

C. is a pattern in whichthe point is to think in terms of images

D. is from specific togeneral

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问题 17: 17. “God help those who help themselves” indicates western cultural values of_________.

选项:

A. extrem power

B. long-term orientation

C. high certainty

D. individualism

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问题 18: 18. Of the following countries, which one is typically a hierarchy society?

选项:

A. the United States

B. Egypt

C. South Korea

D. Spain

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问题 19: 19. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. China

B. United States

C. Italy

D. Spain

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问题 20: 20. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Habits

B. Values

C. Language

D. Attitudes

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 21: 21. The “American dream” is clearly a representation of _________.

选项:

A. individualism

B. uncertainty avoidance

C. power distance

D. super power

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问题 22: 22. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Values

B. Artifacts

C. Housing

D. Diet

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问题 23: 23. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. The United Kingdom

B. Egypt

C. France

D. China

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问题 24: 24. Inductive pattern of discourse ___________.

选项:

A. tends to use a “topic-comment” order of presentation

B. is a pattern in which a topic is introduced at the beginning and minor or supporting arguments are presented afterwards

C. is from specific to general

D. is a pattern in which the point is to think in terms of images

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问题 25: 25. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Read the following two passages and answer the questions for each. 【做题说明：请阅读以下两篇短文并回答问题。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】Passage OneAccording to the American linguist, Deborah Tannen, communication habits vary depending on individual personality, culture, and among other factors, gender（性别）. Since male ways of communicating are standard in business, women’s ways of talking are often ignored or misunderstood in the workplace. Tannen emphasizes that female and male style are both valid（有效的）. Here are some of Tannen’s main points: Conversational styles in boys and girls show up（显现）early. Even 5-year-old boys care about their ranks in the group, while 5-year-old girls care more about being in or out of the group. Therefore, men’s conversational styles often use competition（竞争）, while women try to keep the appearance of equality（平等）. Women tend to apologize more than men, as an attempt（试图）to restore（恢复）the power balance （权力平衡） in conversation. When men simply accept the apology rather than part of the responsibility, women feel unjustly （不公正地）blamed. Western women favor indirect ways of speaking, which is interpreted（理解）by Western men as showing insecurity（局促不安） and lack of confidence（缺乏自信）. However, this gender difference is also a cultural difference: Japanese business culture demands indirectness, and direct approach used by Western businessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese.Questions 1-5: Decide whether the following statements are True or False according to the passage.1. Communication habits vary depending on individual personality, culture and diet.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 26: 26. 2. Business people normally act accordingto how men communicate with each other.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 27: 27. 3. Kids are concerned about similar thingswhen they are about 5.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 28: 28. 4. Women tend to feel that it is not fairto be blamed when men don’t think they are also responsible for certain thing.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 29: 29. 5. Women in the west like indirect ways ofspeaking, which is taken by men as confident.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 30: 30. Passage TwoAnother person’s face can be referred to directly andgenerously（慷慨地） promoted（促进）. Take note（注意）, though: the Confucianhierarchies（儒家的等级制度）playan important role here. If you are in the superior（级别、地位较高的）role (boss, teacher,father, customer, etc.), it gives face for you to praise your subordinates（级别、职位较低者）. If you are in theinferior （级别、地位较低的）role(employee, student, salesman, etc.), your attempt to （试图）give face by praising yoursuperior may label you a ‘poseur’ （装腔作势的人）(not aware of your own level). Alternatively（或者）, praising your superioris understood as intending to curry favor （赢取好感、拍马屁）. The Chinese have two colorfulexpressions（富有趣味的表达）describingthis. A gen pi chong（跟屁虫）is a fart-following insect(‘brown noser’ in the West) who likes to paima pi（拍马屁）or ‘strokethe horse’s ass’. Face can be given to superior by letting them instruct you orgive you face in front of others. They gain face by giving face, you gain faceby retreating（退让）. Confucian hierarchies of face are no more evident（显而易见的）than in the definition offamily structure（家庭结构）through language. Every familiar relationship extending outin several branches carries a distinct （明显的、确切的） term. For example, older brother (gege) and younger brother (didi) are separate terms. Paternal grandmother（父亲的母亲）(zumu) and maternal grandmother（母亲的母亲）(waizumu, literally （字面意思） ‘outside grandmother’) carry a distinct difference in tone（语气）and apparent class（显而易见的等级）. The terms for ‘Mister’is mot telling: xiansheng means ‘firstborn’(as in first-born male heir), a person with whom the hope and future of thefamily resides（存在）. Incontrast（相对而言）, the term for ‘Miss’ is xiaojie, which means ‘little big sister.’If you are speaking English to your Chinese counterparts, you will not need tomemorize all the different relations. However, you’ll need to remember how youfit into the hierarchy of face in each particular conversation in Chinese. In conclusion, one gains face by understanding the role oneis in and what actions are appropriate（适宜的）to that role to maintain harmony（保持和谐）. Questions 6‑10: Choosethe best choice to complete each statement or answer each question. 6. Whyis Confucian hierarchy mentioned here?

选项:

A. Itis mentioned here because it plays an important role in moral education.

B. Itis mentioned here because it is an important part of the Chinese face.

C. It is mentioned here for both reasons stated in A and B.

D. It is mentionedhere for some reasons other than those stated in A or B.

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问题 31: 31. 7. Asa superior you give face ________.

选项:

A. by praising yoursubordinates

B. by gaining face throughpraising your subordinates

C. byunderstanding your role in the hierarchy

D. byinstructing your subordinates

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问题 32: 32. 8. Asa subordinate you give face ________.

选项:

A. by gaining face throughpraising your superior

B. bypraising your superior

C. byinstructing your superior

D. byletting your superior to give you face

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问题 33: 33. 9. Whyis Chinese family structure mentioned here?

选项:

A. It is mentioned here becauseit plays an important role in moral education.

B. Itis mentioned here because it shows Confucian hierarchies of face.

C. It ismentioned here for both reasons stated in A and B.

D. It is mentioned here for somereasons other than those stated in A or B.

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问题 34: 34. 10. Accordingto the author, how are face and harmony related?

选项:

A. One gives face by understandingwhat actions are appropriate to maintain harmony.

B. Onegains face by understanding the role he is in and act to maintain harmony.

C. One gains face by understandingwhat harmony is.

D. One gives face by understandingwhat harmony is.

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问题 35: 35. We learn ethnocentrism very early in life, and primarily on the unconscious level.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 36: 36. Where collectivism is high, the society emphasizes the role of the group.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 37: 37. Low-power-distance countries such as New Zealand, the United States and India hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 38: 38. Low-power-distance countries such as Finland, Denmark and Greece hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 39: 39. Generally speaking, Chinese people prefer the inductive patterns, while the westerners prefer the deductive patterns.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 40: 40. Culture shock is abnormal, unhealthy psychological reaction to the stress of living in another culture, associated with feelings of unhappiness, loneliness, homesickness, sadness, indecision, frustration and even physical illness.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 41: 41. Which one of the following elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Dressing

B. Language

C. Values

D. Habits

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问题 42: 42. “God help those who help themselves” indicates western cultural values of_________.

选项:

A. high power distance

B. low uncertainty avoidance

C. individualism

D. low orientation

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问题 43: 43. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Language

B. Values

C. Attitudes

D. Behavior

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问题 44: 44. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. Italy

B. China

C. France

D. the United States

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问题 45: 45. The “American dream” is clearly a representation of _________.

选项:

A. extrem power

B. power distance

C. minimalism

D. individualism

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问题 46: 46. The principles of TraditionalChinese Medicine best illustrate _________ of Chinese people.

选项:

A. the abstract way ofthinking

B. the concrete way of thinking

C. the synthetic way ofthinking

D. the analytic way ofthinking

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问题 47: 47. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Artifacts

B. Values

C. Diet

D. Perception

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问题 48: 48. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. The United Kingdom

B. Brazil

C. Italy

D. China

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问题 49: 49. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Diet

B. Artifacts

C. Values

D. Attitudes

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 50: 50. Of the following countries, which one is typically a hierarchy society?

选项:

A. United States

B. Canada

C. Japan

D. Brazil

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问题 51: 51. Countries like China, Japan and South Korea rank high in long-term orientation index.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 52: 52. Individualistic cultures require an absolute loyalty to the group.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 53: 53. The crisis stage of intercultural communication is always characterized by irritation and hostility towards the host country.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 54: 54. Where individualism is high, the society emphasizes the role of the individuals.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 55: 55. Low-power-distance countries such as Austria, Denmark and Finland hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 56: 56. Confrontation is acceptable during negotiations in Japan.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 57: 57. What is the meaning of the phrase "a white elephant" in English?

选项:

A. A valuable ornamental object.

B. A rare and precious animal.

C. An unwanted and burdensome possession.

D. A symbol of purity and innocence.

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问题 58: 58. The “American dream” is clearly a representation of _________.

选项:

A. power distance

B. collectivism

C. uncertaintyavoidance

D. individualism

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问题 59: 59. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. Canada

B. Greece

C. China

D. Italy

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问题 60: 60. Of the following countries, which one can clearly be seen as collectivism?

选项:

A. Italy

B. China

C. Egypt

D. Canada

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问题 61: 61. The “American dream” is clearly a representation of _________.

选项:

A. uncertainty

B. infinity

C. power distance

D. individualism

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问题 62: 62. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Diet

B. Values

C. Attitudes

D. Language

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 63: 63. Inductive pattern ofdiscourse ___________.

选项:

A. is a pattern in whichthe point is to think in terms of images

B. tends to use a “detail-topic”order of presentation

C. is a pattern to presentthe conclusion at the beginning and then make it clear why the speaker iscoming to that particular conclusion

D. is from general tospecific

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问题 64: 64. Which rule before an intercultural negotiation is TRUE as a starting point for negotiations to follow? _________.

选项:

A. Determine that the negotiation is feasible.

B. Define the objectives to be gained from the negotiation.

C. Research your facts such as culture-specific information and business style.

D. All of the above.

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问题 65: 65. At the recovery stage of staying in another country or culture, people begin to compare the home culture to the new culture and realize that the new culture have not only disadvantages but also merits.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 66: 66. When you stay in a new environment for a period of time, people may move to the crisis stage from the honeymoon stage.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 67: 67. Part III. Multiple Choice Questions (30%)Directions: Choose the best choice to complete each statement or answer each question.【做题说明：请选择最合适的一项填充句子或回答问题。包含15题，每题2分，共计30分。】 The principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine best illustrate _________ of Chinese people.

选项:

A. the deductive way of thinking

B. the inductive way of thinking

C. the analytic way of thinking

D. the synthetic way of thinking

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 68: 68. Which one of thefollowing elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Housing

B. Values

C. Artifacts

D. Perception

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问题 69: 69. Cultures such as Australia, the United States and South Korea are relatively highly individualistic, believing that the autonomy of the individual is paramount.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 70: 70. People in high-power-distance countries such as Mexico, the Phillippines and the United States believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 71: 71. Culture shock is a necessary stage in intercultural communication and passes with time.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 72: 72. Deductive thought pattern tends to use a “topic-comment” order of presentation.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 73: 73. People in high-power-distance countries such as Greece, Singapore and the United States believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 74: 74. Nations with a strong uncertainty avoidance tendency are Portugal, Greece, Peru and Japan.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 75: 75. People in high-power-distance countries such as India, Mexico and the Phillippines believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 76: 76. In many things between cultures there is no right or wrong, better or worse, but difference.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 77: 77. Low-power-distance countries such as New Zealand, Austria and Japan hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 78: 78. "All Americans are rich. " is a stereotype.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 79: 79. People usually experience many emotions while adapting to a foreign culture, with culture shock as the adaptation phase of transition into a new culture.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 80: 80. The core values of a culture tend not to resist change and adaptation.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 81: 81. People brought up in Chinese culture are likely to synthesize elements into a unit, with the emphasis on the whole, the systematic and synthetic perceptions of objects.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 82: 82. Such cultures as Indonesia, Pakistan and West Africa all have relatively low individualistic index and prefer a collectivist orientation as a culture value.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 83: 83. Low-power-distance countries such as Finland, the United States and Japan hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 84: 84. Deductive pattern of discourse ___________.

选项:

A. is a pattern in which a topic is introduced at the beginning and minor or supporting arguments are presented afterwards

B. is a pattern in which the point is to think in terms of images

C. tends to use a “comment-topic” order of presentation

D. is from specific to general

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 85: 85. “God help those whohelp themselves” indicates western cultural values of _________.

选项:

A. short-term orientation

B. low uncertaintyavoidance

C. individualism

D. low power distance

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 86: 86. In Arabic culture, confrontation is acceptable during negotiations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 87: 87. At the core of uncertainty avoidance is the idea that the future is predictable.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 88: 88. Nations with a strong uncertainty avoidance tendency are Portugal, Greece, Denamark and Norway.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 89: 89. At the crisis stage of intercultural communication, people may try to evade from the facts, or even return to their home country due to not surviving the situation of feeling frustrated.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 90: 90. Low-power-distance countries such as Denmark, Norway and South Korea hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 91: 91. People in high-power-distance countries such as Brazil, Mexico and France believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 92: 92. Cultures such as Belgium, the Netherlands and Australia are relatively highly individualistic, believing that the autonomy of the individual is paramount.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 93: 93. The values and behaviors of a particular culture may be the values and behaviors of all the individuals within that culture.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 94: 94. Stereotypes develop through limited personal contact.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 95: 95. Cultural differences can generate negative impacts on cross-cultural negotiation.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 96: 96. Generally speaking, people nurtured in Western culture tend to dissect things into parts and analyze their relationships in order to understand them properly. Their emphasis is upon the whole of things rather than upon the parts.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 97: 97. Ethnocentrism might be the major barrier to intercultural communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 98: 98. Where individualism is high, the society emphasizes the role of the group.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 99: 99. Culture shock is personal disorientation that a person may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 100: 100. Where collectivism is high, the society emphasizes the role of men.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 101: 101. Of the following countries, which one is NOT typically a hierarchy society?

选项:

A. Japan

B. North Korea

C. China

D. the United States

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 102: 102. What is a potential challenge when inviting someone from a different cultural background to a social gathering at home?

选项:

A. Differences in social customs and etiquette

B. Lack of common friends

C. Difficulty in finding common interests

D. Language barriers

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 103: 103. People in high-power-distance countries such as India, Brazil and the United States believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 104: 104. It is sufficient for businesspeople to learn the language well in order to achieve successful intercultural negotiations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 105: 105. Culture shock is normal, healthy psychological reaction to the stress of living in another culture, associated with feelings of unhappiness, loneliness, homesickness, sadness, indecision, frustration and even physical illness.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 106: 106. At the core of uncertainty avoidance is the idea that the future is unpredictable.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 107: 107. In cultures that tend toward individualism, people stress individual iniative and achievement, and they value individual decision making.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 108: 108. In high masculinity societies, sex roles are not clearly differentiated and men are dominant.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 109: 109. What is the cultural significance of the color "yellow" in the context of the English language?

选项:

A. It is associated with happiness and joy.

B. It represents cowardice or timidity.

C. It symbolizes royalty and wealth.

D. It signifies health and vitality.

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 110: 110. Which one of the following elements of culture tends to resist change and adaptation?

选项:

A. Values

B. Housing

C. Dressing

D. Artifacts

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 111: 111. Low-power-distance countries such as Norway, the United States and New Zealand hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 112: 112. Cultures with short-term orientation such as Canada, the Great Britain and the Phillippines are often concerned with short-term results, and seek immediate satisfaction of their needs.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 113: 113. In the context of cross-cultural communication, what is the significance of understanding euphemisms and taboo language?

选项:

A. To improve pronunciation

B. To learn new vocabulary

C. To avoid communication breakdowns and conflicts

D. To master advanced grammar

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 114: 114. What is the purpose of using honorifics and humble expressions in Chinese culture?

选项:

A. To emphasize personal achievements

B. To show respect and modesty

C. To create distance in relationships

D. To simplify language use

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 115: 115. The words masulinity and femininity do not refer to men and women, but refer to the degree to which masculine or feminine traits are valued and reserved.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 116: 116. The values and behaviors of a particular culture may not be the values and behaviors of all the individuals within that culture.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 117: 117. Cultures such as France, the Netherlands and the United States are relatively highly individualistic, believing that the autonomy of the individual is paramount.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 118: 118. At the honeymoon stage of intercultural communication, differences in language, concepts, values, etc. lead to such feelings and emotions as anxiety, homesickness, and loneliness in daily life, school and work.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 119: 119. Japanese negotiators tend to put more emphasis on the literal meanings of words used in negotiation and less emphasis on the relationships established before negotiating begins.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 120: 120. In intercultural communication, ethnocentrism attitudes should be avoided.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 121: 121. The dimension of uncertainty avoidance focuses on the level of tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity within the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 122: 122. Where collectivism is low, the society emphasizes the role of the individuals.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 123: 123. Nations such as Ireland, the Phillippines and Greece tend towards a masculine world view.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 124: 124. People of Italy approve of displays of emotions during negotiations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 125: 125. Where collectivism is low, the society emphasizes the role of the group.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 126: 126. People tend to assume, though often unconsciously, that the other party of communication had the same behaviours and customs as they themselves.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 127: 127. In high masculinity societies, sex roles are not differentiated and women are not dominant.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 128: 128. To some extent, culture shock needs not be negative.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 129: 129. Nations with a strong uncertainty avoidance tendency are Peru, Belgium, Norway and the United States.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 130: 130. People in high-power-distance countries such as India, the Phillippines and France believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 131: 131. Inductive thought pattern tends to use a “topic-comment” order of presentation.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 132: 132. In most Asian cultures, signed agreements are far less important than keeping the interdependent, interwoven relationship through more negotiations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 133: 133. Deductive pattern of thinking is from general to specific.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 134: 134. Cultures such as the Netherlands, the United States and Japan are relatively highly individualistic, believing that the autonomy of the individual is paramount.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 135: 135. In high masculinity societies, sex roles are the same and women are dominant.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 136: 136. It is insufficient for businesspeople to learn the language well in order to achieve successful intercultural negotiations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 137: 137. Part V. Blank Filling (20%)Directions: There are 10 terms of cultural values and countries. Choose the appropriate one to complete each sentence. Please note that capitalized letters are a must where necessary.【做题说明：以下方框中有6个文化价值观专业术语和4个国家名称，请选择合适的词语分别填入10个句子。请注意：有些句子中的选项首字母需大写，否则不计分。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】Directions: There are 10 terms of cultural values and countries. Choose the appropriate one to complete each sentence. Please note that capitalized letters are a must where necessary. 1. By high degree of of a culture, it means that few people on the top of a society hold a lot of power which is more or less accepted by others.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 138: 138. Middle east, EastAsia, Africa and are typical societieswith high degree of power distance.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 139: 139. In societies withlow power distance power is distributed more equally and people want that noone gains too much power. Centraland northern Europe such as Germanyand Anglo-Saxon countries such as are typical such societies.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 140: 140. refers to the societies where people tend to look after themselves and their family only. They want to succeed as individuals with very little concern for the group.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 141: 141. emphasizes on success as a member of a group or community.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 142: 142. Societies such as East Asia, central European and Anglo-Saxon countries value competition, strength and wealth promotion. This is called in Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 143: 143. is the situation where you are focused on the future. You are willing to delay short-term material success in order to prepare for the future.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 144: 144. Asian countries such as China, Japan and are typical cultures where people hold the long-term orientation.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 145: 145. is when people are focused on the present or past and consider them more important than the future. They care more about immediate gratification than long-term fulfillment.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 146: 146. Most people of westerncountries such as , Australia,Great Britain and Canada keep ashort-term orientation.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 147: 147. At the core of collectivism is the idea that the future is predictable.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 148: 148. Countries like Brazil, the Phillippines and China rank high in long-term orientation index.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 149: 149. Chinese thinking depends more on images, metaphorsand analogies, while Western thinking tends to be more rational, laying more emphasis on objectivity, specificity and precision.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 150: 150. Cultures differ in the extent to which they prefer and can tolerate ambiguity, and therefore in the means they select for coping with change.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 151: 151. Masculine cultures expect men to be assertive, ambitious, and competitive.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 152: 152. Inductive pattern of thinking is from specific to general.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 153: 153. People who survive the second stage of intercultural communication move in to the honeymoon stage.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 154: 154. Low-power-distance countries such as Austria, Finland and Greece hold that inequality in society should be minimized. In such countries, subordinates consider superior to be the same kind of people as they are, and superiors perceive their subordinates the same way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 155: 155. Deductive pattern ofthinking is from specific to general.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 156: 156. People in high-power-distance countries such as Brazil, Singapore and Greece believe that power and authority are facts of life. Both consciously and unconsciously, these cultures teach their members that people are not equal in this world and that everybody has a rightful place in the society.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 157: 157. In high masculinity societies, sex roles are clearly differentiated and men are dominant.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 158: 158. American negotiators take a serious approach to punctuality.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 159: 1. Part II. True or False (20%)Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false.【做题说明：请判断下列陈述为真实或错误，分别选出对应选项。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】 Silence may be interpreted differently in different cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 160: 2. In low-context cultures, members need to explicitly express behaviors and values during communication.

选项:

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 161: 3. Where do their meanings come from? The answer is that meanings of words are usually conventionalized, influenced enormously by culture.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 162: 4. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating, complementing or regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 163: 5. Research shows that the majority of our communication is nonverbal.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 164: 6. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 165: 7. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of complementing or regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 166: 8. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating, complementing or accenting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 167: 9. Nonverbal behaviors can replace verbal communication to convey certain meanings. For example, you can wave hands to friends far away to greet them.

选项:

A. True

B. False

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 168: 10. Part III. Multiple Choice Questions (30%)Directions: Choose the best choice to complete each statement or answer each question. 【做题说明：请选择最合适的一项填充句子或回答问题。包含15题，每题2分，共计30分。】 The ring gesture, where you form an “O” by holding the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb, means in France that you think something is _______.

选项:

A. worthless

B. good

C. expensive

D. great

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 169: 11. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 马/horse

B. 山羊/goat

C. 龙/dragon

D. 老鼠/mouse

答案: 请关注公众号【渝开搜题】查看答案

问题 170: 12. Nobody can persuade him to do that. He is as timid as a _______.

选项:

A. donkey

B. rabbit

C. cat

D. mouse

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问题 171: 13. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 老鼠/mouse

B. 猪/pig

C. 龙/dragon

D. 猫头鹰/owl

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问题 172: 14. My mother is always as busy as a ________.

选项:

A. bee

B. cat

C. fly（苍蝇）

D. dog

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问题 173: 15. He is not popular with his coworkers, since he is as cunning as a dead ________.

选项:

A. bird

B. mouse

C. pig

D. cat

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问题 174: 16. Which word in English has a connotation that is derogatory due to cultural influence?

选项:

A. Politician

B. Doctor

C. Teacher

D. Engineer

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问题 175: 17. —These days Mr. Smith looks anxious and restless. What happened? —I heard his wife was in the family way this month.

选项:

A. pregnant

B. married

C. badly sick

D. dead

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问题 176: 18. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 马/horse

B. 龙/dragon

C. 公鸡/cock

D. 山羊/goat

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问题 177: 19. Nonverbal communication includes all of the following but NOT _______.

选项:

A. telephone messages

B. eye movements

C. facial expressions

D. gestures

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问题 178: 20. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 鱼/fish

B. 鸭子/duck

C. 熊猫/panda

D. 龙/dragon

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问题 179: 21. We know that the dog is regarded as man’s best friend in the west, and there are many metaphors that show people’s positive attitude towards the dog, such as _______.

选项:

A. as busy as a dog

B. as faithful as a dog

C. hungry as a dog

D. He worked like a dog

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问题 180: 22. The English equivalent for the Chinese expression “一箭双雕” will be ______.

选项:

A. to kill two birds with one gun

B. to kill two birds with one stone

C. to kill two birds with one arrow

D. to kill two birds with one bow

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问题 181: 23. According to Edward T. Hall's cultural theory, which culture relies more on nonverbal communication and implicit context information?

选项:

A. Written communication culture

B. High-context culture

C. Electronic media culture

D. Low-context culture

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问题 182: 24. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 马/horse

B. 老鼠/mouse

C. 蛇/snake

D. 龙/dragon

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问题 183: 25. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Read the following two passages and answer the questions for each. 【做题说明：请阅读以下两篇短文并回答问题。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】Passage One Animals are friends of human beings, so the languages of all nations contain a lot of words about animals. Certain words for animals do carry similar denotative and connotative meanings in both languages. In English, for instance, “dove” is often related to “peace”, and in Chinese we have a similar term “和平鸽”. Another example is that “fox” and “狐狸” both imply the quality of “being sly”, as is obvious in the idioms of “as sly as a fox” and “像狐狸一样狡猾”. However, there are many words with the same denotative meanings but different connotative meanings. For instance, “bat” is an evil animal in European folk legends. The English idioms like “as blind as a bat” and “as crazy as a bat” give explanation by themselves. But many Chinese people believe that “bat” is the symbol of good luck, health and happiness. This is mainly because in “蝙蝠” “蝠” is pronounced the same with “福” (good fortune) in “幸福” (happiness) and “洪福” (limitless blessing). Still, there are many other words whose denotative and connotative meanings are both different in English and Chinese. For example, in the western world, “dragon” is a fire-spitting mythical animal, signifying violence, as in “He is a bit of dragon here.” By contrast, most Chinese people regard “龙” (Long) as a symbol of dignity and power, as in the idiom “望子成龙” (hold high hopes for one’s child). Questions 1-5: Decide whether the following statements are True or False according to the passage.1. Some English words about animals carry both denotative and connotative meanings.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 184: 26. 2. Many words from Chinese and English are the same inboth the denotational meanings and connotational meanings, such as “fox” and “狐狸”.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 185: 27. Passage Two Verbal skills in another culture can generally be mastered if one studies hard enough, but nonverbal skills are much more difficult to learn. Nonverbal behavior includes areassuch as eye contact, facial expressions, postures, gestures, and the use of time, space, and territory. The messages sent by body language and the way we arrange time and space have always been open to interpretation. Does a raised eyebrow mean that yourboss doubts your statement or just that she is seriously considering it? Does a closeddoor to an office mean that your coworker is angry or just that he is working on a project that requires concentration? Deciphering nonverbal communication is difficult for people who are culturally similar, and it is even more troublesome when cultures differ. In Western cultures, for example, people perceive silence as negative. It suggests rejection, unhappiness, facial expression, regret, embarrassment, or ignorance.However, the Japanese admire silence and consider it a key to success. A Japanese proverb says, “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.” Over 60 percent of Japanese businesswomen said that they would prefer to marry silent men. Silence is equated with wisdom.Questions 6-10:Choose the best choice to complete each statement or answer each question. 6. According to this passage, what does nonverbal communication include?

选项:

A. The use of time

B. Facial expressions

C. Gestures

D. All of the above

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问题 186: 28. 8. What is the main idea of Paragraph One?

选项:

A. Verbal communication is important.

B. Nonverbal skills are more difficult to learn among different cultures.

C. Nonverbal communication is easy to learn.

D. Verbal skills are easy to be mastered.

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问题 187: 29. 9. How do western people view silence?

选项:

A. It is positive.

B. It is approved.

C. It suggests unhappiness.

D. It suggests agreement.

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问题 188: 30. The gesture of nodding means "NO" in all cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 189: 31. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of accenting or regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 190: 32. When doing business with people from countries that adhere to M-time schedules, the meetings typically end at the appointed time.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 191: 33. Nonverbal communication is used only as a means of contradicting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 192: 34. To be honest, she is as stupid as a ________.

选项:

A. donkey

B. pig

C. goose

D. bear

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问题 193: 35. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 龙/dragon

B. 鱼/fish

C. 熊猫/panda

D. 猫头鹰/owl

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问题 194: 36. My mother is always as busy as a _______.

选项:

A. fly（苍蝇）

B. bee

C. cow

D. pig

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问题 195: 37. What are the two levels of meaning that words can have?

选项:

A. Explicit meanings and implicit meanings.

B. Denotations and translations.

C. Conceptual meanings and cultural meanings.

D. Denotations and connotations.

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问题 196: 38. “No matter how successful he has become, my brother is still regarded as the black sheep of the family”. What does “the black sheep” mean here?

选项:

A. A person who will set the world on fire sooner or later.

B. A person who is strongly disproved of by other members.

C. A person who is very popular among his folks.

D. A person who is always quiet and friendly.

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问题 197: 39. I often asked Jim lots of questions, for he is as wise as ______.

选项:

A. a monkey

B. a rabbit

C. an owl

D. a snake

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问题 198: 40. If you say you are relaxed, yet your voice quavers and your hands shake. The audience can get the meaning that you are nervous. This is an example of the _______ function of nonverbal signs.

选项:

A. regulating

B. reinforce

C. substituting

D. contradicting

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问题 199: 41. The “OK” sign means in France that you think something is _________.

选项:

A. great

B. expensive

C. worthless

D. good

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问题 200: 42. Many words from Chinese and English are different in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings. Which of the following is an example for this?

选项:

A. 龙/dragon

B. 狐狸/fox

C. 猫头鹰/owl

D. 猪/pig

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问题 201: 43. 3. The Chinese word “蝙蝠” carries the same connotative meanings with the English word “bat”.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 202: 44. 4. The Chinese word “龙” carries the same denotative meaning with the English word “dragon”.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 203: 45. 5. “He is a bit of dragon here.” The equivalent Chinese version of this sentence is: 他在这一带为非作歹。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 204: 46. 7. What does a raised eyebrow mean?

选项:

A. Your boss doubts your statement.

B. Your boss is seriously considering your statement.

C. Your boss is unhappy with your statement.

D. The message sent by the raised eyebrow may be interpreted differently by people of another culture.

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问题 205: 47. 10. “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.” What does this Japanese proverb imply?

选项:

A. It is negative.

B. It suggests embarrassment.

C. It suggests unhappiness.

D. It is equated with wisdom.

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问题 206: 48. In all cultures people nod to show agreement.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 207: 49. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of substituting for verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 208: 50. Nonverbal behaviors can add more information to verbal messages.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 209: 51. The appopriate Chinese version for the Engish idiom "like a duck to water" is "如鱼得水"。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 210: 52. What is the definition of intercultural communication?

选项:

A. A communication process that only occurs through written form.

B. The communication process among people with the same cultural background.

C. A communication process that only takes place internationally.

D. The communication process among people with different cultural backgrounds.

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问题 211: 53. Body language can sometimes lead to _______ since people of different cultures often have different forms of behavior for sending the same message or have different interpretations of the same signal.

选项:

A. effectiveness

B. misunderstanding

C. agreement

D. communication

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问题 212: 54. What a ________ she is. You see, she always talks about her new car while meeting anybody.

选项:

A. peacock

B. hen

C. dog

D. cat

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问题 213: 55. If you say you are relaxed, yet your voice quavers and your hands shake. The audience can get the meaning that you are nervous.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 214: 56. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating or complementing verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 215: 57. The appopriate Chinese version for the Engish idiom "to kill two birds with one stone" is“一箭双雕" or "一举两得"。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 216: 58. The appopriate Chinese version for the Engish idiom "as stupid as a goose" is "蠢得像猪"。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 217: 59. The appopriate Chinese version for the Engish idiom "to kill the goose that lays the golden egg" is“杀鸡取卵"。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 218: 60. What does the phrase "to see red" mean in the context of the English language?

选项:

A. To see something as red-colored.

B. To become angry or upset.

C. To experience a visual illusion.

D. To have good vision.

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问题 219: 61. Which of following is NOT a nonverbal behavior in people’s communication?

选项:

A. the telephone messages

B. the way one sits

C. how much eye contact one makes

D. how much one smiles

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问题 220: 62. Nonverbal communication can convey our _______ towards ourselves and towards the people we are communication with.

选项:

A. request

B. language

C. expression

D. attitude

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问题 221: 63. What does the term "green thumb" refer to in the English language?

选项:

A. A literal thumb injury.

B. A dislike for outdoor work.

C. A lack of experience.

D. The ability to grow plants well.

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问题 222: 64. All of the following statements about nonverbal communication are true EXCEPT _______.

选项:

A. In western countries, personal space is highly valued.

B. Nonverbal signs can be used as a means of substituting for verbal communication.

C. The gesture of nodding means "Yes" in all cultures.

D. The handshake is the most common touching behavior of greeting business people.

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问题 223: 65. What is the connotation of the word "blue" when used in the phrase "out of the blue"?

选项:

A. Predictable or expected.

B. Sad or depressed.

C. Colorful or vibrant.

D. Cold or chilly.

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问题 224: 66. The physical environment of a culture influences the development of vocabulary.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 225: 67. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of accenting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 226: 68. Nonverbal communication is the process by which everything except the actual words are used, either singly or in combination with verbal symbols, in the exchange and interpretation of messages in a give situation or context.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 227: 69. The appopriate Chinese version for the Engish idiom "to cry up wine and sell vinegar" is“挂羊头卖狗肉"。

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 228: 70. In the west, the most unwelcome number is “thirteen” becauseof its relation to the death of Jesus Christ after the Last Supper.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 229: 71. Paralanguage includes the following but NOT _______.

选项:

A. pitch

B. smile

C. silence

D. voice volume

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问题 230: 72. Intercultural communication has been a phenomenon since ancient times.

选项:

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问题 231: 73. In both English and Chinese languages, the denotation of“fox”and "狐狸" is an animal, with the same connotation of“cunning”（狡猾的）.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 232: 74. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of contradicting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 233: 75. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of contradicting or substituting for verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 234: 76. While you are saying “You must do it”, you hit the table with your fist. This means that nonverbal behaviors can be used to emphasize verbal messages.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 235: 77. When you enter a library, the librarian may place his/her index finger to the lips after saying “Be quiet”. This means that nonverbal behaviors can be used in order to repeat or clarify verbal messages.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 236: 78. Nonverbalbehaviors can be used in order to repeat or clarify verbal messages.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 237: 79. All of our nonverbal behaviors—the gestures we make, the way we sit, how much eye contact we make, how fast or how loud we talk, and how close we stand—send strong messages.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 238: 80. When nonverbal behavior contradicts a verbal message, people tend to believe the nonverbal message more because it happens at a more subconscious level.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 239: 81. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating, complementing or contradicting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 240: 82. Nonverbal communication is used only as a means of accenting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 241: 83. Part V. Blank Filling (20%)Directions: Here are 10 English metaphors that are associated with qualities of certain animals. Choose the right animals from the box for the metaphors. 【做题说明：以下是由某些动物的特质而产生联想意义的10个比喻。请从方框中选出合适的动物本体。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】 birds lion pig lamb rat peacock bee goose bear crow 1. as busy as a

选项:

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问题 242: 84. as proud as a

选项:

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问题 243: 85. as stupid as a

选项:

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问题 244: 86. as black as a

选项:

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问题 245: 87. as quiet as a

选项:

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问题 246: 88. as cunning as a dead

选项:

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问题 247: 89. as hungry as a

选项:

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问题 248: 90. to kill two with one stone

选项:

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问题 249: 91. a in a hole

选项:

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问题 250: 92. a in the way

选项:

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问题 251: 93. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of contradicting or regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 252: 94. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of complementing or substituting for verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 253: 95. Nonverbal communication is used only as a means of repeating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 254: 96. For many words there are both denotations and connotations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 255: 97. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating or substituting for verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 256: 98. For the English term “politician”, its denotation is “a person whose business is politics”, but its connotation is “a person who doesn’t usually keep his promises, often cheats for his own selfish purpose”, which is derogative.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 257: 99. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of complementing or accenting verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 258: 100. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating or regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 259: 101. In some cultures people nod to show agreement.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 260: 102. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of repeating, complementing or substituting for verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 261: 103. When contradicting the nonverbal messages, verbal messages tend to be morebelievable, because many of our verbal actions take place on a conscious level.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 262: 104. When nonverbal behavior contradicts a verbal message, people tend to believe the verbal message more because it happens at a more conscious level.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 263: 105. Nonverbal communication can be used as a means of complementing verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 264: 106. Nonverbal communication is used only as a means of regulating verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 265: 107. Nonverbal communication is used only as a means of complementing verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 266: 108. Paralanguage refers to the sounds we make but not the words we use.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 267: 109. Communication is a static process that does not involve any dynamic interaction.

选项:

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问题 268: 1. Part II. True or False (20%)Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false. 【做题说明：请判断下列陈述为真实或错误，分别选出对应选项。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】 Euphemisms are inoffensive expressions that are used in place of words with negative connotations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 269: 2. The expression "beat around the bush" means to avoid giving a direct answer. __________

选项:

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问题 270: 3. First name is used almost immediately by people from the United States.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 271: 4. Xiao Wang works as a secretary in a multinational corporation. One day she worked very late. Her boss said to her, "Thanks a lot. That's a great help."The most appropriate utterance（话语）for Xiao Wang would be "It's my pleasure."

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 272: 5. Weather, age and politics are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 273: 6. "To see the red light" is a metaphor for understanding or realizing a problem. __________

选项:

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问题 274: 7. Part III. Multiple Choice Questions (30%)Directions: Choose the best choice to complete each statement or answer each question.【做题说明：请选择最合适的一项填充句子或回答问题。包含15题，每题2分，共计30分。】 He is a competent young man. Since he became Manager, the company has been running in the ________.

选项:

A. red

B. white

C. brown

D. black

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问题 275: 8. That was only a harmless lie. I didn’t want to hurt her. I know if she knew the truth, she would do something silly.

选项:

A. a white lie

B. a red lie

C. a black lie

D. a green lie

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问题 276: 9. Which of the following is an example of a word that has no equivalent in the other language?

选项:

A. Brunch

B. Computer

C. Politician

D. Family

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问题 277: 10. “Stop beating around the bush! If you don’t want to go with me, just tell me!”

选项:

A. telling a lie

B. cheating me

C. hitting around the trees

D. avoiding giving me the direct answer

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问题 278: 11. I can't stand listening to jazz. It's just ________.

选项:

A. a storm in a tea cup

B. not for all the tea in China

C. not my flower

D. not my cup of tea

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问题 279: 12. The English equivalent for the Chinese idiom “一箭双雕” is ______.

选项:

A. to kill two birds with one stone

B. to kill two birds with one bow

C. to kill two birds with one gun

D. to kill two birds with one arrow

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问题 280: 13. The English equivalent for the Chinese proverb “覆水难收” is ______.

选项:

A. It’s no use crying over spilt milk

B. It’s no use collecting the spilt water

C. It’s no use collecting the spilt milk

D. It’s no use crying over the spilt water

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问题 281: 14. What is the term for the words that have the same or similar meanings in two different languages?

选项:

A. Homonyms

B. Analogues

C. Counterparts

D. Equivalents

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问题 282: 15. Ted was feeling sick yesterday, so he decided not to go to work.

选项:

A. above the weather

B. under the weather

C. below the weather

D. in the weather

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问题 283: 16. We seldom see you, but you are off the next minute.

选项:

A. see you only once in a blue moon

B. see you only once in a brown moon

C. see you only once in a green moon

D. see you only once in a silver moon

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问题 284: 17. People learn the lessons of culture through ___________.

选项:

A. proverbs

B. idioms

C. sayings

D. all the above

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问题 285: 18. Sophie went to see her uncle once in a blue moon.

选项:

A. very rarely

B. unexpectedly

C. once a month

D. very often

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问题 286: 19. Hedidn't want to upset his wife, so he told a ________ lie.

选项:

A. white

B. black

C. green

D. red

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问题 287: 20. If you describe something as a ________ elephant, you mean that it is a waste of money because it is completely useless.

选项:

A. brown

B. black

C. white

D. green

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问题 288: 21. His father has been in very good health after he began jogging every morning three months ago.

选项:

A. in the pink

B. in the brown

C. in the white

D. in the yellow

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问题 289: 22. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Read the following two passages and answer the questions for each. 【做题说明：请阅读以下两篇短文并回答问题。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】Passage One Euphemism（委婉语）as a figure of speech（修辞手段）is more than just saying something unpleasant in a pleasant way. In the words of a famous sociolinguist（社会语言学家）, “The euphemism is a recognition（认知）by man of man’s imperfection（不完美；缺憾）, and at the same time a recognition by man that he belongs to better things. It is a false word substituted for（代替）the true word in order to soften thechock of reality（现实的混乱）.” It would seem then that the urge to speak euphemistically is a universal trait（普遍特征）, but varying in scope and motive with different individuals in different circumstance （环境）. Sometimes in some cases euphemisms go so far as some writers condemn（谴责） euphemisms as demoralizing（道德败坏）. “In the hearings（听证会）, criminality （犯罪行为） is given scores of numbing （使麻木） disguises（隐藏）… the roster（名册）seems endless: dirty tricks （卑劣行为）, laundered money（洗钱）, telephone anomalies（电话异常）—all perform the same function: the separation of words from the truth.” However, the fact remains that euphemisms are very much part of the language, it is more important for us to be able to read into them to get the real meaning from them. Since the purpose of using euphemism is to reduce the unpleasantness of a term or notion, it is natural to find many euphemistic terms used in governments’ announcements（公告）, in international relations, and in the military（军事）. For example, the former（前任）President of United States Ronald Reagon（里根）who had promised the American public to cut taxes called for（号召）revenue enhancements（加强预算）instead of “tax increases”. The term for “the third world countries” was at first underdeveloped nations（不发达国家）, then developing countries（发展中国家）and then emerging nations（新兴国家）took its places. Questions 1-5: Decide whether the following statements are True or False according to the passage.1. Euphemism, as a figure of speech, is simply saying something unpleasant in a pleasant way.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 290: 23. 3. People everywhere use euphemisms.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 291: 24. 4. Sinceeuphemisms tend to separate words from truth, we have to be able to understandthe real meaning from them.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 292: 25. Passage TwoTheinternational flavor of many people’s jobs naturally means that there isgreater interaction（交往）between people fromdifferent cultures. Within the business environment, understanding and copingwith intercultural differences between people is critical（重要的）to ensuring（保证）thatinterpersonal communication is successful. Interculturalawareness（跨文化意识）is necessary for two reasons. Firstly, it minimizes（减少）the possibilityof misunderstandings （误解）and/or causing offense （冒犯）throughintercultural mishaps（意外）. Secondly, it is a meansto maximizing （使……最大化）the potential of businessrelationships through the utilization（利用）of interculturaldifferences productively. Onearea within the business environment in which intercultural awareness is anecessity is in business presentation. Directors（主管）, managers, salespeople, consultants （顾问）and business personnel areregularly required to deliver presentations. However, when one is asked to givea presentation to an audience from a different culture there are interculturalfactors that can hinder（阻碍）the success of apresentation. Questions 6‑10: Choosethe best choice to complete each statement or answer each question. 6.What is veryimportant in interpersonal communication according to the text?

选项:

A. Understandingand coping with intercultural differences between people.

B. Misunderstandingthrough intercultural mishaps.

C. Greaterinteraction between people from different cultures.

D. Offense throughintercultural mishaps.

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问题 293: 26. 9. What doesintercultural awareness mean?

选项:

A. Giving a businesspresentation.

B. Understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people.

C. Misunderstandingsthrough intercultural mishaps.

D. Intercultural differences in interculturalcommunication.

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问题 294: 27. Nonverbal behaviors can convey meanings opposite to that of a verbal message.

选项:

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问题 295: 28. Wang Ming is invited to a meal at the home of an American couple. He is offered a second helping but he has already had enough, so he says, “That was delicious but I’ve already had plenty. Thanks. ” This is the inappropriate utterance（话语）for him.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 296: 29. If you make a presentation in a business meeting and the audience are the Americans, it should be direct and to the point.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 297: 30. "To kill two birds with one stone" means to achieve two goals with a single action. __________

选项:

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问题 298: 31. "Once in a blue moon" is used to describe an event that happens very rarely. __________

选项:

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问题 299: 32. Weather is an appropriate topic of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 300: 33. _______. You can find he is an honest person if you know him.

选项:

A. Don’t judge the book by the figure

B. Don’t judge the book by the table

C. Don’t judge the book by the cover

D. Don’t judge the book by the picture

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问题 301: 34. Which of the following is NOT a function of nonverbal communication?

选项:

A. Complementing.

B. Repeating.

C. Contradictory.

D. Translating.

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问题 302: 35. The English equivalent for the Chinese “童叟无欺”is ______.

选项:

A. there are no flies on him

B. there are no water on him

C. there are no dogs on him

D. there are no cats on him

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问题 303: 36. To her, translating from French to Dutch is ______.

选项:

A. a cake

B. a will

C. a deal

D. a piece of cake

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问题 304: 37. I’m afraid something bad may happen. We need to prepare for the worst.

选项:

A. I’ve seen the yellow light.

B. I’ve seen the red light.

C. I’ve seen the brown light.

D. I’ve seen the green light.

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问题 305: 38. — Wow! Carl has done some really amazing things!— Don’t believe everything he tells you. He was probably pulling your leg.

选项:

A. cheering you up

B. teasing you

C. dragging your leg

D. ridiculing you

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问题 306: 39. Nonverbal communication includes elements such as voice volume and pitch.

选项:

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问题 307: 40. Travel, age and politics are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 308: 41. The person ahead of Wang Li in line （排队）at a café dropped his pen. Wang Li picked it up and gave it back to him. When he said "Thank you", Wang Li answered “Never mind.” This is the appropriate response for her.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 309: 42. "To be in the red" signifies a period of loss or being in debt. __________

选项:

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问题 310: 43. First name is used almost immediately by people from the United States and Great Britain.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 311: 44. In China nowadays a lot of people are getting used to sharing the cost of the meal equally between them, _______, as we say.

选项:

A. buying a round

B. going Dutch

C. going to Dutch

D. footing the bill

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问题 312: 45. 7. Whatcan we infer（推理）from the text about intercultural communication?

选项:

A. Thereare many differences among people from different cultures.

B. Misunderstandingsseldom occur（发生）in intercultural communication.

C. Interculturalmishaps do not exist within the business environment.

D. Business presentationis an easy job in intercultural communication.

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问题 313: 46. "Don't judge a book by its cover" advises against making quick judgments based on appearances. __________

选项:

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问题 314: 47. In English, "lion" is the animal which takes the connotation of "bravery".

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 315: 48. The person ahead of Wang Lin in line （排队）at a café dropped his pen. Wang Lin picked it up and gave it back to him. When he said "Thank you", Wang Lin answered “Never mind.” This is the inappropriate response for him.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 316: 49. "Green with envy" is a correct phrase to describe being very envious of someone or something. __________

选项:

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问题 317: 50. During the business meeting and negotiation with the Chinese在, it is impretive that you bring your own interpreter, especially if you plan to discuss legal or extremely technical concepts.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 318: 51. The idiom "not my cup of tea" is used to express that something is not to one's liking. __________

选项:

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问题 319: 52. What a fabulous car — I’m very jealous.

选项:

A. red with envy

B. white with envy

C. green with envy

D. blue with envy

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问题 320: 53. What does nonverbal communication include？

选项:

A. Only gestures and facial expressions.

B. Written communication and electronic media.

C. Verbal symbols and paralanguage.

D. Body language, paralanguage, and elements of space and time.

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问题 321: 54. Tomorrow will be Mary’s ______ day, as she will be in her wedding dress.

选项:

A. red-letter

B. white-letter

C. black-letter

D. pink-letter

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问题 322: 55. —These days Mr. Smith looks anxious and restless. What happened?—I heard his wife was in the family way this month.

选项:

A. dead

B. married

C. badly sick

D. pregnant

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问题 323: 56. Since she didn't want to upset her daughter, so she told a ________ lie.

选项:

A. brown

B. black

C. yellow

D. white

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问题 324: 57. She has been in very good health after she made a habit of jogging every morning.

选项:

A. in the red

B. in the pink

C. in the black

D. in the brown

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问题 325: 58. 2. To some sociolinguist, people use euphemisms inorder to avoid being cheated.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 326: 59. 5. Oneseldom sees euphemisms used in international relations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 327: 60. Euphemisms are offensive expressions that are used in place of words with negative connotations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 328: 61. When engaging in a small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussing one’s family and political discussions are always the appropriate topics in all cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 329: 62. The connotation of the black color is the same in both English and Chinese cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 330: 63. When engaging in a small talk with a person of another culture, remember that discussing one’s family and political discussions are appropriate topics in all cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 331: 64. Normally, when hearing compliments, a typical Chinese reaction is to show modesty and humility.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 332: 65. If someone is "in the pink," it means they are in good health. __________

选项:

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问题 333: 66. 10. If thistext goes on, what do you think the author is going to talk about next?

选项:

A. Interculturalmishaps.

B. How to useintercultural differences productively.

C. Misunderstandingsin intercultural communication.

D. Theintercultural factors that can hinder the success of a business presentation.

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问题 334: 67. "It's no use crying over spilt milk" means it's pointless to regret something that has already happened. __________

选项:

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问题 335: 68. At Mary's birthday party,Mary introduced Tom to Peter. They had not known each other before. The mostappropriate utterance（话语）for Tom would be "Nice to meet you.”

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 336: 69. Part V. Blank Filling (20%)Directions: Here are 10 sentences that contain English idioms of colors. Choose the right colors from the box for the idioms. 【做题说明：以下10句子均包含了关于颜色的英语习语。 请从方框中选出合适的颜色。包含10题，每题2分，共计20分。】 1. Mike was in a mood yesterday.

选项:

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问题 337: 70. Don’t wave a flag in front of him; he failed the drivingtest again.

选项:

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问题 338: 71. Since my brother was appointed the CEO, the company has been runningin the .

选项:

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问题 339: 72. Don’t be -eyed. Work hard and you’ll make progress soon.

选项:

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问题 340: 73. A computer would be a elephant to him, because he doesn’tknow how to use it.

选项:

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问题 341: 74. I just can’t understand why you would marry him. He is a dog.

选项:

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问题 342: 75. Do you know the man who’s in a studyunder the tree over there?

选项:

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问题 343: 76. Don’t be depressed. Let’s work hard and our company will soon be out of the .

选项:

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问题 344: 77. You expected too much of her. She is a hand in teaching English, anyway.

选项:

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问题 345: 78. We had thought Tom wouldn’t come to our party but he arrived out of the yesterday.

选项:

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问题 346: 79. Nonverbal communication plays a more significant role in interpersonal interactions than verbal communication.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 347: 80. "A harmless lie" is synonymous with "a white lie," indicating a small, non-harmful untruth. __________

选项:

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问题 348: 81. "Red-carpet treatment" in English signifies a very warm reception. __________

选项:

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问题 349: 82. Travel and foods are appropriate topics of conversation in the USA.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 350: 83. The connotation of the white color is the same in both English and Chinese cultures.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 351: 84. How canintercultural awareness help in strengthening business relationship?

选项:

A. It minimizes the possibilityof misunderstandings in intercultural communication.

B. It can helppeople find the intercultural factors that can hinder thesuccess of a business presentation.

C. It can help people use intercultural differences productively.

D. Allof the above.

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问题 352: 85. Euphemisms are inoffensive expressions that are used in place of words with negative connotations.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 353: 86. Idioms are heavily loaded with culture.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 354: 87. Politics is an appropriate topic of conversation in the USA.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 355: 88. Weather, travel, age and politics are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 356: 89. Idioms have two features: semantic unity and structural stability.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 357: 90. Weather, travel and foods are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 358: 91. Several factors of culture influence the meaings and usage of idioms, including geography, agriculture, literature and art, history, religion, social customs and so on.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 359: 92. "Once in a silver moon" is a phrase that indicates a rare occurrence. __________

选项:

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问题 360: 93. "A red-letter day" refers to a day of special significance or celebration. __________

选项:

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问题 361: 94. Normally, when hearing compliments, a typical Eastern reaction is to show modesty and humility.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 362: 95. On the way to the school library, Wang Fang saw Professor Williams walking to the library, too. “Where are you going?” is the appropriate utterance（话语）for Wang Fang.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 363: 96. An idiom does not allow any change in its structure.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 364: 97. Normally, when hearing compliments, a typical British reaction is to show modesty and humility.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 365: 98. As soon as the lecture （讲座）was over, a student went up to the lecturer (a native professor from the Untied States) and said, "You must be very tired. You'd better have a rest." This is the inappropriate way to show respect.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 366: 99. On the way to the school library, Xiao Song saw Professor Williams walking to the library, too. “Where are you going?” is not the appropriate utterance（话语）for Xiao Song.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 367: 100. Making appointment ahead of time is extremely important in the United States.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 368: 101. At Mary's birthday party, Jane introduced Joe to Jack. They had not known each other before. The most appropriate utterance（话语）for Jack would be "How do you do?”

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 369: 102. Age and politics are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 370: 103. What does the number "six" imply in Chinese culture?

选项:

A. Wealth and prosperity

B. Death and misfortune

C. Smoothness and success

D. Longevity and health

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问题 371: 104. We can find many equivalent idioms and proverbs between English and Chinese.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 372: 105. Many English and Chinese idioms bear the same meanings but are different in forms.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 373: 106. At the beginning of a new term, when you meet your foreign teacher, Miss Smith, you say “You must have a good time during the vacation. You look like you gained a lot of weight.” This is the appropriate greeting for you.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 374: 107. Strictly speakingly, idioms are expressions that are not readily understandable form their literal meanings of individual elements.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 375: 108. On the way to the school library, Xiao Wei saw Professor Black walking to the library, too. “Where are you going?” is the appropriate utterance（话语）for Xiao Wei.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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问题 376: 109. Logo gifts are fine as small remembrances for meetings held as well as the sincerest form of a thank-you gift.

选项:

A. True

B. False

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