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试卷代号：1354
国家开放大学2 0 2 1年秋季学期期末统一考试
高级英语阅读(2) 试题
2022年1月
注 意 事 项
一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。
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一、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
Information for the examinees:
This examination consists of two sections. They are:
Section Ⅰ: New Words (60 points, 40 minutes)
Section Ⅱ: Reading Comprehension (40 points, 50 minutes)
The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.
Section Ⅰ New Words.
A Match each vocabulary, word on the left with the correct definition on the right (3 points each)
1. ________ egalitarian A. unknown
2. ________ anonymous B. make someone feel better
3. ________ drawback C. writing as an art form
4. ________international D. show in the form of a picture
5. reassureE. animals of the same type
6. ________ calligraphy F. equal
7. ________depict G. garbage
8. ________speciesH. not flexible
9. ________trash I. among other countries
10. ________rigid J. disadvantage, unfavourable aspect
B Fill in the blanks with words from the box below. (3 points each)
cognitive colleagues identity intuition involved maturation memory neuroscientist psychologist researchers |
Dear Rosemary,
As you know, I’ve been looking for my identical twin sister for years, and I finally found her! Just as psychologists predict, we have many similarities. As you know, I’ve been 11 with work on the science of the brain. As a 12 I’ve studied long-term 13, or how adults remember events from childhood. Well, my sister is a 14 studying the same area, but with children. She wants to find out how memory changes with 15 0r how the early memories of children and teenagers differ. We met by accident at a conference on 16 science. There were many 17 there, and one of my 18 from the institute told me she had seen a woman who looked exactly like me. I went to the room where this woman was giving a presentation. I didn’t want to bother her, so I hid my 19 by sitting in the back. Her presentation was interesting, and afterward, I went to the front of the room. She looked at me without saying a word-then we just hugged each other. She said that her 20 told her that we’d find each other soon. It's incredible, but I feel like I’ve known her all my life. She's coming to my house for dinner now; we both love to cook. More later!
Your friend,
Connie
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
A Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. (5 points each)
Silk Production
A Silk was not the main product traded on the network of caravan trails connecting East Asia to the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this fact, the German explorer, Baron Ferdinand von Richthofen, gave the Silk Road this romantic name, perhaps because it was a mysterious product. Silk-making began in China in the 3rd century B.C.E., but the process was kept a secret for several hundred years. When the Chinese merchants began trading this beautiful fabric, other countries were eager to learn how it was made.
B In the 3rd century C.E., methods of dyeing (coloring), and weaving (making cloth), were developed in a few countries along the trade routes using raw silk thread from China. In the 6th century C.E., the ruler of Constantinople asked two monks (holy men) to bring back silkworms from China. Although this was forbidden, they packed them in their bamboo canes and returned to Constantinople. There, silk production flowered and spread to Europe.
C France and Italy became centers of the European silk industry in the 15th century until a plague killed most of the silkworms in the 19th century. In the meantime, Japan had developed modern methods of making silk and soon became the world’s largest producer. In the 20th century, South Korea and Thailand developed their silk industries as well.
D Sericulture, or silk production, involves cultivating thousands of tiny eggs that hatch into larvae (small worms) and feed on mulberry leaves. When the larvae grow into caterpillars (large worms), they make a cocoon (capsule) from a continuous thread that comes from the mouth and wraps around the body. Then the cocoons are steamed to kill the caterpillars and taken apart by unwinding the silk threads and twisting them together to make them stronger. Centuries ago, this work was done by hand by girls and women in silk factories, but now, it is done by machines.
E Boiling raw silk produces a lighter fabric, and the cloth can be treated with different substances so that it feels and looks different. A variety of dyeing and weaving methods produce exquisite cloth that can be made into articles of clothing. Common items include blouses, shirts, scarves, and ties of pure silk. Sweaters, jackets, coats, and hats can be made by combining silk with stronger materials for warmth. The cloth can also be used for curtains, cushions, or wall hangings in houses as decorations.
For each question, choose the best answer based on the reading passage. Write A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.
21. People wanted to learn how to make silk because.
A. it was a mystery
B. China kept it a secret
C. silkworms were forbidden
D. the fabric was so beautiful
22. The secret was finally brought to the West by ________ .
A. the ruler of Constantinople
B. two monks traveling from China
C. Chinese merchants
D. Baron Ferdinand von Richthofen
23. The Mediterranean centers of the silk industry were .
A. South Korea and Thailand
B. China and Japan
C. Italy and France
D. Constantinople
24. Silk is produced by ________.
A. tiny eggs
B. worms
C. girls and women
D. machines
25. Most silk fabric is made into .
A. articles of clothing
B. dyeing and weaving
C. stronger materials
D. decorations
B Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. (3 points each)
E-learning: Distance Learning on the Internet
A It's 10 A. M. Angela gets out of bed, brushes her teeth, and washes her face. She walks into the kitchen, makes a cup of coffee, and sits down at her computer. She logs on to her university's Web site and checks an e-mail from her economics professor about an assignment that is due on Tuesday. Then, she accesses the course message boards to read student comments about the week, s assignment. She reviews this week' s presentation online and then continues working on the economics problem set she has to finish for tomorrow evening.
B How is Angela' s experience different from a traditional university classroom experience? Well, for one thing, today is Sunday9 and Angela is “at school.” But for Angela, it doesn’t matter because the doors to this “virtual university” are open 24 hours a day. She can submit homework assignments, review student discussions, and, although the university is in the United States, she can review her professor' s presentation from her home in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Another thing that distinguishes Angela from traditional students is that she is not a full-time student. She is taking classes part-time to complete her business degree while working full-time for a computer software company. She can interact with and read comments from students all around the world in her virtual international classroom. Does it sound futuristic? Well, it is already happening on personal computers around the world.
C In the information age, where knowledge is power, many full-and part-time professionals are going online to further their education and professional knowledge, obtaining multiple master's degrees and other types of qualifications. Distance education has expanded significantly in the last few years because of the development of the Internet. The advantages distance learning offers to working professionals include convenience, flexibility, and the opportunity to accommodate multiple learning styles. In areas where unemployment is high or where tight work schedules can't accommodate traditional learning, e-learning has become very popular.
D But skeptics wonder if distance education programs maintain a high quality of instruction and if they offer enough interaction with the instructor and other students in the class. It is still difficult to say if distance education is better than the classroom-based experience; it requires extra effort from the student and the teacher. However, the virtual classroom seems to be here to stay, and many people are taking advantage of it.
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Write “T” for True and “F” for False on the Answer Sheet.
26. Angela has no interaction with her instructor.
27. Distance education can happen almost anywhere.
28. Distance education offers more interaction in person than traditional classes.
29. According to the article, e-learning is superior to “traditional” learning.
30. The number of people studying online is increasing。
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