【百年教育职业培训中心】-中西文化专题-章节资料考试资料-中南大学
来源:2022-05-14 23:18:14 时间:百年教育职业培训中心
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-中南大学[火
第一章测试
1、【单选题】In the 18th century, some famous French scholars such as Voltaire began to use the word in a sense closer to its complete definition. They thought it referred to “ ________ ”.
A、cultivating wisdom
B、training and cultivating mind or thought, an interesting result or state
C、cultivation and improvement of the land, cultivation of plants
D、educating somebody with morality
2、【单选题】In western languages, the word “civilization” appeared with the rise of _______ .
A、marine culture
B、inland culture
C、urban culture
D、exotic culture
3、【单选题】 The third often-talked metaphor is that culture is like an onion. The inner nucleus level are , beliefs, worldview.
A、feelings
B、values
C、rituals
D、customs
4、【单选题】Wenming (civilization) in Chinese first appeared in and the Book of Changes.
A、the Book of Documents
B、The Historical Records
C、The Spring and Autumn Annals
D、The Analects
5、【单选题】According to the ideal definition given by Raymond Henry Williams, culture is
A、the whole part of imaginary works
B、the whole part of intellectuality
C、human experiences
D、a state or process of human improvement
6、【单选题】The first person who summarized the human cultural phenomenon in the sense of cultural anthropology is the British scholar .
A、 Bagby
B、A. J. Toynbee
C、Edward Tylor
D、Raymond Henry Williams
7、【多选题】1)In 1960s, Raymond Henry Williams claimed, in an article named “Cultural Analysis”, that culture had three concepts. They are:_______
A、ideal definition
B、documentary definition
C、social definition
D、educational definition
8、【多选题】4)The British scholar Edward Tylor clearly stated in the book Primitive Culture (1871): Culture or civilization, in its extensive ethnological sense, is a complex whole that includes ________ , laws, customs, and the abilities and habits that anyone acquires as a member of society.”
A、knowledge
B、beliefs
C、art
D、morals
9、【多选题】Cultural values are transferred across generations in the form of and that make them easier to understand.
A、symbols
B、belief
C、languages
D、stories
10、【多选题】Some historical philosophers attach great importance to the historical inheritance of culture and understand culture as a traditional form of or .
A、social behavior
B、social development
C、social progress
D、social heritage
11、【多选题】Which of the following are metaphors given by culture researchers about what culture is?
A、Culture to human is what water to fish.
B、Culture is like an iceberg.
C、Culture is the software of our mind.
D、Culture is the rules of a game.
12、【判断题】In Chinese, the phrase “wenhua”(culture) was first used as a verb, meaning “to educate somebody with morality”.
A、正确
B、错误
13、【判断题】In western literature, the word “civilization” appeared with the rise of urban culture.
A、正确
B、错误
14、【判断题】Our cultural values, and our system of behavior dictates our thinking and beliefs.
A、正确
B、错误
15、【判断题】Traveling is the best way to learn about other cultures. Firsthand experience is most definitive way to gain knowledge and experience.
A、正确
B、错误
16、【判断题】Culture is a collective phenomenon, and cannot exist in isolation.
A、正确
B、错误
17、【判断题】Learning language is one of the best ways to get to know a culture.
A、正确
B、错误
18、【判断题】 According to the metaphorCulture is like an iceburg, only a small part of it is invisible, but a large part of which is above the surface and are tangible.
A、正确
B、错误
19、【判断题】 Culture is essential to make us feel a part of a group and give us the guiding principles of life.
A、正确
B、错误
20、【判断题】Culture is larned and transmitted across generations.
A、正确
B、错误
第二章测试
1、【单选题】The interaction and bilateral influence of the agricultural society and __________ promoted the development of Chinese culture.
A、the clan society
B、the democratic society
C、the nomadic society
D、the isolated society
2、【单选题】__________ taught people to breed silkworms.
A、Shu Jun（叔均）
B、YouChaoShi（有巢氏）
C、Houji（后稷）
D、Leizu（嫘祖）
3、【单选题】The humid climate, the abundant rainfall and ____________ provide a very good natural condition for the growth of various plants and the development of farming civilization.
A、the scarce sunshine
B、the sufficient heat resources
C、the dried desert
D、the vast island
4、【单选题】The ancient Greek trade extended to East Africa, Arabia, Central Asia and India, and began to have business contacts with more distant places such as ____.
A、China
B、Egypt
C、Norway
D、Australia
5、【单选题】Before the liberation, elders in a clan could do the following but NOT __________.
A、restrict the behavior of its members
B、deal with the disputes
C、treat everyone equally
D、decide on events and affairs
6、【多选题】The agricultural economy formed an inward-looking culture, that is _____.
A、conservative
B、peaceful
C、unambitious
D、modest
7、【多选题】Besides marital relations and breeding offspring, an extended family functions as the social unit of inheritance, ________.
A、marriage
B、production
C、management
D、consumption
8、【多选题】In Hegel’s Historical Philosophy, the main geographical factors that affect culture are summarized into_________.
A、dry highlands and vast grasslands
B、plain river basins
C、the coastal area
D、barren areas
9、【多选题】Chinese culture is located __________ from the north to the south.
A、in the center of Asia
B、in the eastern part of Eurasia
C、on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean
D、across the tropical and temperate zones
10、【多选题】The ancient Chinese emperors often ________.
A、praised the princes and heroes for picking up land
B、granted them the fields and subjects
C、punished those who fled away from their homeland
D、made them the lords of land and serfs
11、【判断题】China’s topology is a stepped distribution of east highland and west lowland.
A、正确
B、错误
12、【判断题】In ancient China, the vast and endless Pacific Ocean only meant the end of the land, the natural limit for the ancient Chinese.
A、正确
B、错误
13、【判断题】Planting-based agriculture has been the main pillar of the economic life of the ancient Chinese nation.
A、正确
B、错误
14、【判断题】An kinship network included four tribes of marriage and nine generations of blood.
A、正确
B、错误
15、【判断题】The vast territory in China maintained the continuity and integrity of Chinese culture even after invasion wars.
A、正确
B、错误
16、【判断题】The land-sealed Mediterranean sea, with the shallow export channel, the small tides, the calm sea surface, is very deep, the salt content is particularly low, and the coastal currents are formed deep under the water surface.
A、正确
B、错误
17、【判断题】Some of the basic words in Oracle in ancient China that involve the national economy and people's livelihood were closely related to agricultural activities.
A、正确
B、错误
18、【判断题】The residents of Crete and the Cycladic Islands, the birthplace of European civilization, grew barley, wheat, soybeans, peas, fruit trees and cash crops such as olives, grapes and citrus, and bronze, and painted pottery were widely used.
A、正确
B、错误
19、【判断题】In ancient Greece, most of the city-state's economy was focused on business and industry.
A、正确
B、错误
20、【判断题】Solon divided the citizens into four grades and the fourth rank could not hold the public official positions, but could speak and vote at the citizen assembly, and have the right to participate in the jury.
A、正确
B、错误
第三章测试
1、【单选题】 What concept has been widely accepted by Chinese people and applied in current Chinese political system as a basic state policy?
A、The feeling of right or wrong.
B、 The feeling of deference and compliance.
C、The feeling of shame and dislike.
D、Rule of law.
2、【单选题】 In the past dynasties, what did the government prefer to rule the country?
A、 the civilized ruling
B、military muscles
C、peace-through-marriage policy
D、 the Tributary System
3、【单选题】What is agreed by King John of England in 1215and laid a foundation of rule of constitution?
A、Bill of Rights
B、the Magna Carta
C、The Declaration of Independence
D、Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in France
4、【单选题】 Who gave the principle of rule of law theoretical foundations in Lex, Rex, ( Latin for the law is king) in 1644?
A、Samuel Rutherford
B、James Harrington
C、John Locke
D、 Montesquieu
5、【单选题】A key belief of was that humans are innately good, but this quality requires cultivation and the right environment to flourish.
A、Mencius
B、Confucius
C、Xun Kuang
D、Daoists
6、【多选题】According to American cultural anthropologists Strobeck and Kluckhohn, the following value orientations could help identify one culture from another: .
A、The concept of human nature.
B、Understanding of relations between human and nature.
C、How humans relate to one another.
D、 Time orientation and activity orientation.
7、【多选题】What are the three “jewels” of one's personal development in Daoism?
A、moderation
B、thriftiness
C、benevolence
D、self-cultivation
8、【多选题】What do psychologists define as value orientation?
A、the overall belief that guides people's actions
B、decision-making judgments in the same situations
C、 decision-making judgments in a variety of situations
D、the religious belief that guides people's actions
9、【多选题】What were China’s typical diplomatic policies in history?
A、 expanding the territory with military force
B、 conquering the world with military force
C、peace-through-marriage policy
D、the Tributary System
10、【多选题】What principles are established in France in the late 1800s?
A、 “People are important, the king is light.”
B、“It is more proper that law should govern than any one of the citizens.”
C、“All citizens are equal in the eyes of the law”
D、“Nothing may be prevented which is not forbidden by law.”
11、【判断题】The combination of the rule of law and the rule of virtue is advocated by Chinese government.
A、正确
B、错误
12、【判断题】 Judaism, Christianity and Islam share common belief that human nature is basically good and redeemable.
A、正确
B、错误
13、【判断题】The value orientation of advocating harmony and moderation had partly resulted in the lack of competitive consciousness and adventurous spirit in Chinese nation.
A、正确
B、错误
14、【判断题】There were no disputes about the philosophy of moderation in modern China.
A、正确
B、错误
15、【判断题】Moderation is an important part of self-cultivation in Confucianism, the core idea of it is of no excess, no matter in thought or intention.
A、正确
B、错误
16、【判断题】“Rule of virtue” is the Chinese traditional political philosophy which is based on the perception that man is born good.
A、正确
B、错误
17、【判断题】 Plato opposed letting the highest officials wield power beyond guarding and serving the laws.
A、正确
B、错误
18、【判断题】From very early time, the pursuit of profit and power has always been regarded as an illegitimate value in western world.
A、正确
B、错误
19、【判断题】The famous philosopher John Locke (1632–1704) once said, the so-calledgood is the thing that can cause or increase our happiness and reduce our pain, and the so-called evil is the thing that can produce or increase our pain or reduce our happiness.
A、正确
B、错误
20、【判断题】The younger generations in China are not as conservative and modest as their parents and grandparents.
A、正确
B、错误
第四章单元测验
1、【单选题】 What is the implied meaning of the idiom “Destruction pursues the great.”?
A、 warning people to highlight personality.
B、warning people not to highlight personality.
C、 individuality is not encouraged
D、 individuality is encouraged
2、【单选题】What relationship had become and still is one of the most basic and important issues in Chinese philosophy?
A、The relation between Heaven and Man
B、The relation between Heaven and Earth
C、The relation between Earth and Man
D、The relation between Heaven and Nature
3、【单选题】Who discussed the relation between man and nature from a philosophical point of view and proposing man-made natural legislation.
A、 Carlo Schmidt
B、Henry Thomas Buckle
C、Kant
D、Francis Bacon
4、【单选题】In China, what has become a moral principle regulating patriarchal clan relations?
A、 the individual's obligations
B、the individual's responsibilities
C、 individualism
D、Collectivism
5、【单选题】 Exploration and invention in the service of commercehave exemplified Western people’s , rather than a passive acceptance of it.
A、 struggle against nature
B、harmounious relation with nature
C、obedience to nature
D、subservient to nature
6、【多选题】With regard to Chinese Dream, which of the following statements are true ?
A、 It is based on the value of collectivism.
B、It is a dream of Chinese people as a whole nation.
C、It is a dream of national renewal.
D、 It stresses the importance of enterprising spirit.
7、【多选题】Which of the following aspects embodied the concept of harmony between nature and Human?
A、the blending of scenes and feelings in literary works
B、the harmonious artistic conception pursued in painting
C、the concept of health preservation and food therapy which varies with seasons
D、 the contribution of Chinese culture to world peace and sustainable development
8、【多选题】 played an important role in the birth of modern ecological economics.
A、The concepts of longing for the society of Datong
B、The concepts of love for nature
C、The concepts of respect for life
D、 The concepts of advocating order
9、【多选题】In President Xi’s statements, Chinese Dream is described as two centenary goals:
A、the material goal of China becoming a "moderately well-off society" by 2021
B、the material goal of China becoming a "moderately well-off society" by 2049
C、 the modernization goal of China becoming a fully developed nation by about 2049
D、 the modernization goal of China becoming a fully developed nation by about 2021
10、【多选题】During the period of Greek civilization, it tend to
A、 recognize the dignity and value of the individual.
B、affirm rights of individual.
C、advocate the spirit of freedom.
D、 encourage the development of individual creativity.
11、【判断题】Confucius believed that the relationship between human and nature is equal. He stated, “heaven and human are not in conflict.”
A、正确
B、错误
12、【判断题】Exploration and invention in the service of commerce have exemplified Western people’s struggle against nature, rather than a passive acceptance of it.
A、正确
B、错误
13、【判断题】According to Geert Hofstede and his theory of cultural dimensions, individualism is the central dimension which indicate the features of certain cultures.
A、正确
B、错误
14、【判断题】As regards to human beings' relationship to nature, there are basically four patterns of thoughts.
A、正确
B、错误
15、【判断题】In Tao Te Ching, which was written by Laozi in about 500 BC, Tao is described as the supreme principle of the universe.
A、正确
B、错误
16、【判断题】Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea tells the story of the Greek hero's ten-year sea adventure.
A、正确
B、错误
17、【判断题】Scientific theory and practical technology are highly valued as a powerful weapon for understanding God and conquering nature by Western culture even during the prevalence of theology.
A、正确
B、错误
18、【判断题】The slogan of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. reflected the strong will and determination of Chinese government and people in the construction of ecological civilization.
A、正确
B、错误
19、【判断题】Western culture stresses the individual view, the value of responsibility and loyalty to the group and country, emphasizes the mutual love and caring among people.
A、正确
B、错误
20、【判断题】In collectivistic culture, personal goals and interests take precedence over collective goals and interests.
A、正确
B、错误
第五章单元测试
1、【单选题】Which of the following does not belong to “the three friends in winter”?
A、pine
B、bamboo
C、plum
D、orchid
2、【单选题】Which is regarded as the highest form of traditional Chinese painting?
A、landscape painting
B、figure painting
C、flowers and birds painting
D、oil painting
3、【单选题】Which of the following painting was not composed in the period of Renaissance?
A、The Last Supper
B、Sistine Madonna
C、Mona Lisa
D、Self-portrait
4、【单选题】Fengshui is the architectural wisdom and the cultural symbol of Chinese people. The Eight Trigrams and the Five Elements are embodied in many Chinese buildings. Which of the following is the symbolic representative?
A、the Forbidden City
B、Papal Basilica of Saint Peter
C、Athen Acropoils
D、Egyptian pyramids
5、【单选题】Which of the following is not the Chinese musical instrument?
A、trumpet
B、Pipa
C、Guqin
D、Xun
6、【多选题】What are the three perfections？
A、calligraphy
B、painting
C、poetry
D、seal
7、【多选题】What are the main themes of Chinese painting？
A、landscapes
B、figures
C、flowers and birds
D、history
8、【多选题】Which of the following have laid a good foundation for western aesthetic art?
A、the Ancient Greek myth
B、the homer epic
C、theology
D、Greek mythology
9、【多选题】What are the cultural factors that may have affected the characteristics of Chinese architecture?
A、Geomancy
B、Confucianism
C、Christian theology
D、Geometry
10、【多选题】The preference of western music genres gave rise to ______, ______ and ______, which make the sound of music magnificent.
A、symphony
B、sonata
C、concerto
D、country music
11、【判断题】Water, colors and lines are the most essential factors for Chinese painting.
A、正确
B、错误
12、【判断题】The western philosophers such as Epicurus, Plato and Aristotle also created the philosophy of pursuing and upholding the truth, which promoted the development of western aesthetics.
A、正确
B、错误
13、【判断题】The era of Renaissance to impressionism has witnessed the changes of western painting from “drawing like a real one” to “it seems like that one”.
A、正确
B、错误
14、【判断题】Chinese people attach importance to emotional expression in their painting as rational thinking mode, while western painters prefer intuitive thinking in their process of painting.
A、正确
B、错误
15、【判断题】Geometric aesthetic characterizes the ancient Chinese architecture, whereas the Westerners care about geomantic theory, both of which have given the architectures rich cultural connotations.
A、正确
B、错误
16、【判断题】In ancient times, wood was the chief material for Chinese buildings while most western buildings rely on stones.
A、正确
B、错误
17、【判断题】In china, buildings such as palaces, temples and folk houses are basically in a combined complex whereas the large-scale western buildings are often established according to the topography.
A、正确
B、错误
18、【判断题】Muses were the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, respectively in charge of epic poetry, history, love poetry, flute, tragedy, hymns, dance, comedy and astronomy.
A、正确
B、错误
19、【判断题】Chinese music reflected the linear thinking mode, paying attention to the main lines, while the western music tends to cross the multi-dimensional thinking mode and achieve the harmony of different music patterns.
A、正确
B、错误
20、【判断题】The origins of Chinese and western music are different, herein the attention in Chinese music is harmony and in western music is charm.
A、正确
B、错误
